What Is an Oxidant Definition of Chemistry Terms

An oxidant is a reactant that oxidizes or removes electrons from other reactants during a redox reaction. An oxidant may also be called an oxidizer or  oxidizing agent. When the oxidant includes oxygen, it may be called an oxygenation reagent or oxygen-atom transfer (OT) agent. How Oxidants Work An oxidant is a chemical species that removes one or more electrons from another reactant in a chemical reaction. In this context, any oxidizing agent in a redox reaction may be considered an oxidant. Here, the oxidant is the electron receptor, while the reducing agent is the electron donor. Some oxidants transfer electronegative atoms to a substrate. Usually, the electronegative atom is oxygen, but it can be another electronegative element or ion. Oxidant Examples While an oxidant technically doesnt require oxygen to remove electrons, most common oxidizers do contain the element. The halogens are an example of oxidants that dont contain oxygen. Oxidants participate in combustion, organic redox reactions, and more explosives. Examples of oxidants include: hydrogen peroxideozonenitric acidsulfuric acidoxygensodium perboratenitrous oxidepotassium nitratesodium bismuthatehypochlorite and household bleachhalogens such as Cl2 and F2 Oxidants As Dangerous Substances An oxidizing agent that can cause or aid combustion is considered a dangerous material. Not every oxidant is hazardous in this manner. For example, potassium dichromate is an oxidant, yet is not considered a dangerous substance in terms of transport. Oxidizing chemicals which are deemed hazardous are marked with a specific hazard symbol. The symbol features a ball and flames. Sources Connelly, N.G.; Geiger, W.E. (1996). Chemical Redox Agents for Organometallic Chemistry. Chemical Reviews. 96 (2): 877–910. doi:10.1021/cr940053xSmith, Michael B.; March, Jerry (2007). Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure (6th ed.). New York: Wiley-Interscience. ISBN 978-0-471-72091-1.

Struggle Between Civilization and Savagery in Lord of the...

Throughout the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding there is a constant struggle between civilization and savagery, however, in the novel, savagery prevails. This is evident in the constant struggle between Jack and Ralph and ultimate success by Jack whom represents savagery. Fear is an example of how savagery prevails over civilization, Jack used fear to overtake control from Ralph. Another example is the boys inability to stand up for themselves and for each other, meaning, if the boys like Roger, Sam, Eric, or the littleuns could go against Jack, they could have taken power from Ralph, therefore this would have caused civilization to prevail over savagery. The final point of how savagery overcomes civilization is the conch and in particular when it breaks. This demonstrates a total loss of power from Ralph and ultimate power for Jack, and therefore that there was a total loss of control and civilization. Throughout the entirety of Lord of the Flies there is a battle for power between Ralph and Jack. This was evident from the very beginning of the book when the group has to vote Ralph as their leader because Jack and Ralph both want to be the leader. Or shortly after Ralph appoints Jack head of the â€Å"hunter group† Jack starts to not respond to Ralph despite the fact that Ralph was appointed leader by the rest of the group, another example of Jack slowly trying to take power from Ralph is when the hunting group starts to usesShow MoreRelatedThe Beast That Burned Lord Of The Flies Analysis721 Words   |  3 PagesThe Beast that Burned In William Golding’s striking novel, Lord of the Flies, Golding explains human descent through the beast and the burning fire. The beast is a pressing topic that follows the boys throughout the novel. The boys attempt across the novel to discover what sort of the creature the beast is and destroy it. But what is the beast? Is it a terrible monster? No, the beast is the savagery that exists inside the boys. One of the first signs that Golding conveys that the beast lives insideRead MoreMichelle Duan Mrs. MJ English 10 H, per. 3 13 February 2014 A Symbol’s Worth a Thousand1500 Words   |  6 Pagesis the nature of the symbols found in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies. As a group of boys stranded on an island struggle to survive without adult supervision to maintain order, Golding uses a variety of objects to convey their descent from civilization into brutality, violence, and savagery. Of these objects, three hold particular significance. In Lord of the Flies, Golding uses the conch, the signal fire, and the Lord of the Flies to symbolize civilization, hope for rescue, and inner evil whileRead MoreEssay on How Lord of the Flies Related to Aspects of Human Nature1397 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Goldings novel Lord of the Flies not only provides a profound insight into human nature but also does so in a way that is remarkable for its use of shock and horror. Golding presents aspects of human nature as themes in the book. It alerts us to our potential to descend from order to chaos, good to evil, civilization to savagery. They are explored through how innate evil can be brought out in certain situations, the dangers in not addressing our own fears and the battle between civilizationRead MoreLord Of The Flies : Representation Of Violence And War1611 Words   |  7 PagesLord Of The Flies: Representation Of Violence and War Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a German theologian, states that â€Å" The ultimate test of a moral society is the kind of world that it leaves to its children.† In William Golding’s Lord Of The Flies, societal topics run rampant throughout the text with Golding’s use of individuals to represent different aspects of society. Many writers view the Lord Of The Flies as an allegory, as societal topics such as politics make appearances throughout the text. InRead MoreLord of the Flies was created by William Golding, an English novelist that studied at Oxford where1500 Words   |  6 Pages Lord of the Flies was created by William Golding, an English novelist that studied at Oxford where the experience allowed for his writing to grow and develop. The main purpose of the novel was to portray the struggle of a group of boys in the era of war. It is aligned off of personal experiences the author had in World War II, the severity and insanity allowed him to have a corrupted view on the world and everything inside of it (â€Å"William Golding,† N.P.). Much like Oxford, being apart of theRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1603 Words   |  7 Pagesportray in-depth analyses of major characters, storylines, and central themes, which take place in a story. These analyses help readers understand a message the author is trying to convey. In the novel Lord of the Flies, William Golding uses different literary devices in order to demonstrate the boys’ struggle against the lack of society and law on the island, as well as the consequences that have transpi red due to this loss. This conflict is evident through the different instances of irony, foreshadowingRead MoreFoil Characters In Lord Of The Flies1477 Words   |  6 Pagesrecurring theme centering the characters. William Golding’s Lord of the Flies uses the righteous Simon to highlight Jack and his evil role throughout the novel of savagery and civilization. The foil characters in Lord of the Flies exhibit the contrasting ideals and characteristics, the dissimilar symbolism of both characters, and the circumstances which lead both characters to follow one’s natural tendencies. To emphasize the message of Lord of the Flies, two young innocent boys will gradually beginRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1745 Words   |  7 Pages1954 novel, Lord of the Flies by Nobel Prize-winner William Golding is a dystopian allegory indicative of vast aspects of the human condition. Set in the midst of a nuclear war, the text details a group of marooned British school boys as they regress to a primitive state. Free from the rules and structures of civilisation and society, the boys split into factions - some attempting to maintain order and achieve common goals; others seeking anarchy and violence. The novel is based on Golding’s experienceRead MoreLord of the Flies a Microcosm to Our Society1306 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Golding s novel Lord of the Flies significantly symbolizes characters, objects and the setting to represent our world as a whole. Golding uses those symbols to make the island similar to society and to show the difference between living in a civilised society and savagery. The novel takes place on an island during World War II, this is significant since the isolation forms a sort of civilization and community, a sort of microcosm to the real world and to human civilization. Lord of the FliesRead MoreA Comparison of Lord of the Flies by William Golding to Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad1602 Words   |  7 PagesA Comparison of Lord of the Flies by William Golding to Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad Works Cited Missing I compared the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding to Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad. The novels

Essay about The Haunted Palace - 861 Words

The Haunted Palace â€Å"The Haunted Palace† is one of Edgar Allen Poe’s mysterious and phantasmagoric poems. Written in the same year as â€Å"The Devil in the Belfry,† and included in his short story â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher,† â€Å"The Haunted Palace† is another tale of innocence and happiness now corroded with sorrow and madness. It is fairly easy to say that â€Å"The Haunted Palace† is a metaphor for Poe’s own ghostly troubled mind, more than it is about a decaying palace. For in 1839, it was found in a book that the main character in â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† comes across. In the context of its appearance in â€Å"Usher,† it is startlingly clear that this is no fable of earthly decay, but one of mental and spiritual ruin. â€Å"In the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"And all with pearl and ruby glowing/ Was the fair palace door, Through which came flowing, flowing, flowing/And sparkling evermore, A troop of Echoes whose sweet duty/was but to sing.† This is an important passage that fully details that the palace is his mind and the â€Å"Troop of Echoes† whom sing are his thoughts, which came like a constant river. He then praises the â€Å"Voices of surpassing beauty† the great thoughts that always came to their creator’s aid. â€Å"But evil things, in robes of sorrow, Assailed the monarch’s high estate;† Poe’s palace has suddenly been invaded by the â€Å"evil things,† that can easily stand for macabre thoughts and unpure desires. He then pauses to â€Å"mourn† over the â€Å"desolate† landscape that’s never to return to its once â€Å"stately† place in the first stanza. The â€Å"glory† soon disappears from the palace, that is now nothing more than an old past memory that is â€Å"entombed.† The mind has now become troubled and amoral to the narrator a place that can never regain its past life. In the final stanza Poe gives the final description and perhaps epithet for the haunted palace. As uninhabitable and desolate a landscape that is described, there however are still travelers in the valley, or still thoughts in this mind. â€Å"And travelers now within that valley, Through the red-litten windows see/ Vast forms the move fantastically/ to a discordant melody.† His mind can only look out â€Å"red-litten windows, or in other words bloodshot eyes, that are wearyShow MoreRelatedThe House Of Usher By Edgar Allen Poe1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthem, and illusion is, a thing that is or is likely to be wrongly perceived or interpreted by the senses. At one point Roderick sings the Narrator a song called â€Å"The Haunted Palace†, and we soon figure out that it is actually about the House of Usher. During the song Roderick describes the appearance of the house, he sang â€Å" Radiant palace ---- reared its head†¦.. Banners yellow, glorious, golden†¦Ã¢ € ¦ Through two luminous windows saw†¦.. And all with pearl and ruby glowing†¦.. the glory/ That blushed and bloomedRead MoreThe Haunted Palace, By Edgar Allen Poe1642 Words   |  7 Pagesis death. While focusing on one of Poe’s poems, â€Å"The Haunted Palace,† it is revealed that the poem’s focus and theme is not entirely about death, but the transformation that occurs after the death of a king. Poe discusses the change that has occurred in the town and the palace after the death of the town’s monarch whose name is not revealed throughout the poem. The poem communicates exceptionally well with the readers to describe how the palace was before and after the death that occurs. After carefulRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Haunted Palace Essay943 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe: The Haunted Palace Edgar Allan Poe is a classic name in literature and is known for many of his works. Most of his works reflect one s thoughts, emotions and life. Many of his works fall under the category of Gothic literature, which is a combination of horror, death, and a little romance. Edgar Allan Poe s poem The Haunted Palace is a perfect example of Gothic literature, that also has a twist on romance. The Haunted Palace is one of Poe s most explicitly allegoricalRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s They Who Dream 1455 Words   |  6 Pagesdeath. It is obvious that he felt this way because he threw a masquerade, invited his â€Å"hale and light-hearted† friends and locked the gates of his palace as to lock the â€Å"Red Death† plague out. In the beginning of the story, the narrator shows how the Prince used his wealth to embellish his fantasy of how he planned to create the boundaries of his palace for which death could not enter. â€Å"The Price had provided all the appliance s of pleasure. There were buffoons, there were improvisatori, there wereRead More The Somber and Dark Tone of The Fall of the House of Usher Essay1265 Words   |  6 Pagescomponent in persuasive writing is an extensive understanding of the presented topic. Bailey proves his thorough knowledge through the variety of facts concerning Poe that he produces within his article. For instance, Bailey reveals that the poem â€Å"The Haunted Palace†, which appears within the short story, was actually written by Poe â€Å"several months before ‘Usher’† (Bailey 456). Also, Bailey acknowledges that Roderick’s physical appearance is strikingly similar to that of Poe, which leads him to suggest anRead MoreAnalysis Of The Fall Of The House Of Usher By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesof Usher,† Poe decides to put a subtext into the story, called â€Å"The Haunted Palace.† The poem starts out with: â€Å"In the Greenest of our valley s, / By good angels tenanted, / once a fair and stately palace-†(21), setting a tone that contrasts greatly from the rest of the story, but telling the reader it will not stay this way. The Poem describes the house slowly becoming haunted and shows a darker side to our fair and stately palace. â€Å"And travels now within that valley, / Through the red-litten windowsRead MoreNursing Home Perception Vs. Reality Essay1425 Words   |  6 PagesReality â€Å"The Palace† is located in the heart of the gables. It is one of the top notch awarded nursing home facilities for seniors stated by many families. Currently being an employee at this facility, I am learning the frightful stories of senior living. Even the Palace one of the most expensive, awarded senior living is actually a terrible place for the elderly. Especially, working at the Front Desk as the receptionist, I have seen firsthand how these poor seniors are forced into these haunted â€Å"luxurious†Read MoreThe Palace Of The Gables Essay1413 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"The Palace† is located in the heart of the gables. It is one of the top notch awarded nursing home facilities for seniors stated by many families. Currently being an employee at this facility, I have learned the frightful stories to senior living. Even the Palace one of the most expensive, awarded senior living is actually a terrible place for the elderly. Working at the Front Desk as th e receptionist, I have seen firsthand how these poor seniors are forced into these haunted â€Å"luxurious† homesRead MoreEssay on Figures of speech in The Fall of the House of Usher640 Words   |  3 Pagesdisgusting and disappointing appearance. Poe also uses symbolism to compare the deterioration of the house to the fall of the Usher dynasty. In Roderick’s poem, â€Å"The Haunted Palace†, he describes the history of the house as it began as a strong and â€Å"radiant palace†, which over time became a decrepit, disease-ridden cage. The radiant palace represents the qualities of the Usher family, prosperous and resilient. Its later state, a condemned structure, represents the malevolence that has weakened the nameRead MoreConformity And Individuality Essay979 Words   |  4 PagesIndividuality plays in Equalitys quest for freedom is to act as a setback in the progression of Equalitys knowledge about the unmentioned times. These setbacks come in the form of restricted education, Equalitys job selection, Equalitys sentence to the palace of corrective detention. These all represent setbacks in Equalitys quest to gain knowledge about the unmentioned times. â€Å"We wished to know about all the things which make the earth around us. We asked so many questions that the teachers forbade it†

The Bhopal Gas Tragedy free essay sample

Estimates vary on the death toll. The official immediate death toll was 2,259. The government of Madhya Pradesh confirmed a total of 3,787 deaths related to the gas release. Others estimate 8,000 died within two weeks and another 8,000 or more have since died from gas-related diseases. A government affidavit in 2006 stated the leak caused 558,125 injuries including 38,478 temporary partial injuries and approximately 3,900 severely and permanently disabling injuries. November 1984, most of the safety systems were not functioning and many valves and lines were in poor condition. In addition to this, several vent gas scrubbers had been out of service as well as the steam boiler, intended to clean the pipes was nonoperational. Other issue was that, Tank 610 contained 42 tons of MIC which was much more than what safety rules allowed. During the night of 2–3 December 1984, water entered Tank E610 containing 42 tons of MIC. A runaway reaction started, which was accelerated by contaminants, high temperatures and other factors. We will write a custom essay sample on The Bhopal Gas Tragedy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The reaction was sped up by the presence of iron from corroding non-stainless steel pipelines. The resulting exothermic reaction increased the temperature inside the tank to over 200 Â °C (392 Â °F) and raised the pressure. This forced the emergency venting of pressure from the MIC holding tank, releasing a large volume of toxic gases. About 30 metric tons of methyl isocyanate (MIC) escaped from the tank into the atmosphere in 45 to 60 minutes. The gases were blown in southeastern direction over Bhopal. The initial effects of exposure were coughing, vomiting, severe eye irritation and a feeling of suffocation. People awakened by these symptoms fled away from the plant. Those who ran inhaled more than those who had a vehicle to ride. Owing to their height, children and other people of shorter stature inhaled higher concentrations. Many people were trampled trying to escape. Thousands of people had succumbed by the morning hours. There were mass funerals and mass cremations. Bodies were dumped into the Narmada River, less than 100 km from Bhopal. 170,000 people were treated at hospitals and temporary dispensaries. 2,000 buffalo, goats, and other animals were collected and buried. Within a few days, leaves on trees yellowed and fell off. Supplies, including food, became scarce owing to suppliers safety fears. Fishing was prohibited causing further supply shortages. Within a few days, trees in the vicinity became barren, and 2,000 bloated animal carcasses had to be disposed of. On 16 December, tanks 611 and 619 were emptied of the remaining MIC. This led to a second mass evacuation from Bhopal. The Government of India passed the Bhopal Gas Leak Disaster Act that gave the government rights to represent all victims, whether or not in India. The acute symptoms were burning in the respiratory tract and eyes, blepharospasm, breathlessness, stomach pains and vomiting. The causes of deaths were choking, reflexogenic circulatory collapse and pulmonary oedema. Findings during autopsies revealed changes not only in the lungs but also cerebral oedema, tubular necrosis of the kidneys, fatty degeneration of the liver and necrotising enteritis. Immediate relieves were decided two days after the tragedy. Relief measures commenced in 1985 when food was distributed for a short period along with ration cards. Madhya Pradesh governments finance department allocated 874 million (US$15. 91 million) for victim relief in July 1985. Widow pension of 00 (US$3. 64)/per month (later 750 (US$13. 65)) were provided. They government also decided to pay 1,500 (US$27. 3) to families with monthly income 500 (US$9. 1) or less. As a result of the interim relief, more children were able to attend school, more money was spent on treatment and food, and housing also eventually improved. From 1990 interim relief of 200 (US$3. 64) was paid to everyone in the family who was born be fore the disaster. In 2007, 1,029,517 cases were registered and decided. Numbers of awarded cases were 574,304 and number of rejected cases 455,213. When the factory was closed in 1986, pipes, drums and tanks were sold. The MIC and the Sevin plants are still there, as are storages of different residues. Isolation material is falling down and spreading. The area around the plant was used as a dumping area for hazardous chemicals. In 1982 tube wells in the vicinity of the UCIL factory had to be abandoned and tests in 1989 performed by UCCs laboratory revealed that soil and water samples collected from near the factory and inside the plant were toxic to fish. Several other studies had also shown polluted soil and groundwater in the area. Till this day chemicals abandoned at the plant continue to leak and pollute the groundwater. Whether the chemicals pose a health hazard is disputed. Contamination at the site and surrounding area was not caused by the gas leakage. The area around the plant was used as a dumping ground for hazardous chemicals and by 1982 water wells in the vicinity of the UCIL factory had to be abandoned. UCC states that after the incident, UCIL began clean-up work at the site under the direction of Indian central and state government authorities.